The article described how sinkholes formed, but it was either confusing or I wasn't paying attention, or anyway I didn't really get it. So I've decided to find out how sinkholes form.
Kimberley Mine
Guatemala Sinkhole
Sarisarinama Plateau
- Where it rains, or any place there's a body of water, some of that water will soak into the ground.
- The farther the water soaks into the ground, the more acidic it becomes as it travels through the soil.
- Eventually that acidic water is going to hit rock beneath the soil.
- Depending on where this is happening, that rock might be a salt bed or it could be limestone or some other type of soft rock. If that's the case, that acid-laced water will erode and crack the soft stone beneath the layers of soil.
The early stages of sinkhole formation, when water is eroding the limestone beneath the soil and forming water pockets.
(Diagram by USGS, sourced from U of Florida)
- Over time, the water carves out such a big space in the underground rock that pools or even small lakes of water form in the rock.
- Eventually, that space in the rock becomes too big for the soil and other rock above to keep acting as a ceiling, and the pressure of the rock and soil above will make that surface material collapse into the hole.
A sinkhole, post collapse
(Diagram by USGS, sourced from U of Florida)
- Thus a sinkhole is born. Or more accurately, thus it is revealed to those of us living on the surface.
- Some sinkholes persist for a long time once they've opened up.
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